Printing
knowledge reproduction and revolution

played a decisive role in the dissemination of human cultural knowledge

If there is no printer today, how long does it take to produce a book?

Printed Story

Origin

The earliest engraving printing in the world was invented by China. At the end of the nineteenth century, a Japanese scholar Shimada argued that China had engraved printing in the six dynasties in the sixth century, according to the Northern Qi Yanzhi's "Yan's Family Instructions" has the word "book"; The phrase "Sui Kaihuang's thirteenth year of the eighth year of the deceased statue's engraved engraving on the waste statue" thought that there had been engraving printing in the Sui Dynasty at the latest.

Movable type printing

Invented by Bi Sheng in the Northern Song Dynasty of China in 1040. Recorded and preserved by the famous scientist Shen Kuo's "Mengxi Bi Tan" at that time, it included a complete set of movable type printing process including word making, storing, typesetting, dismantling and brushing, which is completely the same as the typesetting principle of later type. Clay Bi Sheng invented movable type of carefully designed trial and error was successful. The successive discoveries of early movable type printed materials and the empirical research results of clay movable type have confirmed the authenticity and scientificity of Bi Sheng movable type printing, and effectively denied foreign scholars' doubts about Bi Sheng's invention of movable type printing.

Europe

In Europe, like China, engraving printing appeared first, and then movable type printing appeared. Europeans found that Chinese type printing was more efficient than engraving, so they quickly eliminated engraving.on China Printing incoming routes in Europe, in many writings are talking about, there are three. One is that European missionaries and travellers directly brought Chinese printing to Europe; the other was through Central Asia, West Asia, and North Africa, and finally to Europe; and the third was from the Russians to other European countries.

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The impact of printing on knowledge dissemination

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Knowledge transfer

Cultural preservation

The development of printing presses has revolutionized the spread of knowledge: in 1469, the first printing press (the publishing house) was established in Venice. In 1500, there were 417 printing houses in the city. In 1476, William Caxton established the first printing agency in England. In 1539, the Spanish Juan Pablos was in Mexico City, Mexico. Stephen Day established the first printing press in North America in the Bay Area of Massachusetts in 1628, and assisted in the establishment of Cambridge Press.

Modern typography

Computer printing

Documents can be passed through laser printers, inkjet printers or other computer printers. In recent years, computer printing and industrial printing processes have merged, leading to the development of digital printing.

In the process of rapid development of electronic technology, printing has entered a period of electronic control and automation. Electronic typesetting, electronic color separation and electronic engraving are widely used, and printing quality and efficiency have been greatly improved. The application of computers continues to bring printing into the era of digital printing, enabling small-variety, multi-variable printing that is difficult to complete with traditional processes to be successfully realized.

3D printing

3D printing is a manufacturing technology in which objects are generated by 3D files and 3D printers. Object manufacturing is printed through the superposition of layers of materials. In 2012, some companies such as Sculpteo or Shapeways proposed online 3D printing solutions.